Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management Part I

****************** Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management Part I ****************** Types of Crops:- In India, there are three types of crops on the basis of season: Rabi Crops Kharif Crops Zayad Crops ***************** Rabi Crops:- These crops are grown between October to February like Wheat Barley Gram Pea Mustard etc. Shortcode:- Rabi Office fir gaya wo muj par b gusa tha. *********** Kharif Crops:- These crops are grown between June to September like Maize Ground nut Sesame (til) Black gram Urad Beans etc. Shortcode:- Kharif june sept ma groundnut sesame b ugatha h. **************** Zayad Crops:- These crops are grown between March to June like Muskmelon Watermelon Cucumber etc. Shortcode:- Zayad muja muskmelon watermelon cucumber kelayga. ******************* The practices done by farmers to produce crops are known as agriculture practice. Steps of agriculture:- Preparation of the soil. Sowing Applying fertilizers and manures. Irrigation Crop protection Harvesting Storage of grains *************** Preparation of soil First of all a farmer ploughs the field. There may be following means of ploughing a field:- By animals (traditional method) By a tractor ************* The advantages of ploughing:- Seed moves below the surface of soil and helps in germination. The roots of small plants can easily spread in soil. 3) The roots of small plants can breathe easily in soil. Loosened soil helps in the growth of microorganisms and earthworms in soil. The upper layer of the soil only helps in the growth of plants. Its manipulation (turning it upside down) makes both upper and lower layers equally good. **************** Sowing Sowing is the process of planting seeds.  After ploughing the field a farmer sows the seeds of the crop. But before sowing the seeds the farmer select the best variety of seeds. ***************** Applying fertilizers and manures:- Farmers add some substances in the soil to maintain the nutrients in the soil or to maintain the fertility of the soil. These are called fertilizers or manures. ************************ Irrigation Providing water to crops by various artificial means is called irrigation. Benefits of irrigation to crops:- Seed germination Supply water to the leaves while transpiration. Different nutrients reach various parts of the plant by means of water. Plays important role in the growth of the plant. ***************** Sources of Irrigation Farmers use river, ponds, well, handpump, tubewell, canals, dam etc as source of water for irrigation. Methods of Irrigation Conventional Methods include Chain Pump, Rahat, Dhekli, Moat etc Modern Methods include tubewell, Electric pump, Diesel pump etc ***************** If you like the video, Please like and subscribe us as it will help us to move forward and it will update u about our new videos.... *****************